Ionisation Energy: It is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from the outermost orbit of an isolated gaseous atom. (If given in terms of the amount of work done in removing an electron, the property is called ionization potential.) Units: kJ / mol (for ionization potential, units: eV/atom.) This is denoted by word I. Read more about Trends in Chemical Properties of Periodic Elements[…]
Escape velocity: It is the minimum velocity with which a body must be protected from the surface of the earth so that it escapes from the gravitational field of the earth. We can also say that a body, projected with escape velocity, will be able to go to a point which distance from the earth. Read more about ESCAPE VELOCITY AND ORBITAL VELOCITY OF SATELLITE[…]
1. Periodicity in valency or oxidation states: Thevalence (or valency) of an element is a measure of its combining power with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules. The valence of elements is usually (though not necessarily) equal to the number of electrons in the outermost orbitals and/ or equal to eight minus the number Read more about Periodic Trends in Properties of Elements[…]
A particle executing SHM possesses two types of energy if a particle executes SHM, its kinetic energy changes into potential energy and vice-versa keeping total energy constant (if friction of air is neglected). Kinetic energy: This is an account of the velocity of the particle. K = ½ mv2 = ½ mA2 ω2cos2 (ωt + Read more about Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion[…]
1. Atomic Radius: It is defined as the distance from the centre of the nucleus to the outermost shell of electrons. For practical purposes, atomic radius can be defined in many ways. a) Covalent Radius: Half of the inter-nuclear distance between two identical or almost identical atoms bonded by a single covalent bond. For a diatomic molecule, Read more about Trends in Physical Properties of Periodic Elements[…]
Conservative Force: A force is said to be conservative if the work done by the force (or against the force) in moving a body depends only upon the initial and final positions of the body and is independent of the path followed between the initial and final positions. The gravitational force is a conservative force. Read more about Conservative and Non Conservative Forces[…]
S-block: The s-block elements are metals. Metals are usually solids at room temperature. Metals usually have high melting and boiling points. They are good conductors of heat and electricity. They are malleable (can be flattened into thin sheets by hammering) and ductile. P-block: The p-block contains metals, metalloids (or semi-metals) and non-metals. Non-metals are usually Read more about Types of elements in s, p, d and f blocks[…]
If no external torque is acting upon a body rotating about an axis, then the angular momentum of the body remains constant, that is, J = I ω = constant This is called the ‘law of conservation of angular momentum’. If I decreases, ω increases and vice versa. Proof: We have read above that when Read more about Conservation of Angular Momentum[…]
Radial nodes: Radial nodes are nodes inside the orbital lobes Angular nodes: angular nodes are not internal countours of electron probability, but rather are planes that go through the orbital Total number of nodes = n – 1 Total number of Angular nodes = 1 Total number of Radial nodes = (n – 1 – 1) n is Read more about Nodes[…]
An instance of one moving object or person striking violently against another.Elastic collision: An elastic collision is an encounter between two bodies in which the total kinetic energy of the two bodies after the encounter is equal to their total kinetic energy before the encounter. Elastic collisions occur only if there is no net conversion of kinetic energy into Read more about Collisions[…]