Polytropic Process A polytropic process is one in which the equation of the pressure versus volume curve is of the form PVN = Constant. Where, N is a constant throughout the process and may adopt any numerical value. The thermodynamics process discussed earlier, may in some instances, be regarded as particular cases of the polytropic Read more about Polytropic Process[…]
Specific Heat of a Gas at Constant Pressure Consider n moles of a gas contained in a cylinder fitted with a frictionless movable piston bearing some load. Let heat be supplied to the gas slowly so that the pressure of the gas never exceeds the external pressure more than by an infinitesimal amount. Assuming, no Read more about Specific Heat of a Gas at Constant Pressure[…]
Specific Heat of a Gas at Constant Volume Consider, moles of an ideal gas, confined in a cylinder, filled with a fixed piston. If be the heat supplied to the gas and as expected, the increase in temperature be, then experimentally: Q α n; ΔT = Constant … (1) Also, Q α ΔT; n = Read more about Specific Heat of a Gas at Constant Volume[…]
Law of Equipartition of Energy According to the law of equipartition of energy, for any dynamic system in thermal equilibrium, the total energy for the system is equally divided among the degree of freedom. We know that whenever the molecules of a gas collide, they share their energies and when thermal equilibrium is reached, the Read more about Law of Equipartition of Energy[…]
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure was observed by John Dalton in 1801. This law is related to ideal gas laws. The pressure exerted by an individual gas is a mixture is known as its partial pressure. It is the sum of the partial pressures of individual gases is equal to Read more about Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure[…]
Graham’s law of Diffusion Diffusion in the ability of a gas to spread and occupy the whole available volume irrespective of other gases present in the container. Thomas Graham in 1831 proposed the law of gaseous diffusion. The law states that under similar conditions of temperature and pressure, the rates of diffusion of gases are Read more about Graham’s law of Diffusion[…]
Charles’s Law Charles’s law states that when keeping the pressure constant, the volume of a gas varies directly with the temperature. Charles’s law equation can be represented as V α T. Where, V = Volume of the gas, T = Temperature. This law dictates the linear relationship that volume shares with temperature. The temperatures are Read more about Charles’s Law[…]
Boyle’s Law Robert Boule studied the variation of volume of a given mass of gas with pressure at constant temperature. The result of his study in the form of law which is known as Boyle’s Law. Boyle’ Law states that the volume of a given mass of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure Read more about Boyle’s Law[…]
Determination of Specific Heat of Liquid If volume, radiating surface area, nature of surface, initial temperature and surrounding of water and given liquid are equal and they are allowed to cool down by radiation then rate of loss of heat and fall in temperature of both will be same. i.e., . . . W = Read more about Determination of Specific Heat of Liquid[…]
Temperature of the Sun and Solar Constant If R is the radius of the sun and T is the temperature, then the energy emitted by the sun per second through radiation in accordance with Stefan’s law be given by P = AσT⁴ = 4πR²σT⁴. By the time it reaches the earth, this energy will spread Read more about Temperature of the Sun and Solar Constant[…]