Causes of Lanthanide Contraction

Inner Transition Elements (f – block) – Lanthanoids

Lanthanides: Lanthanides consist of elements that follow lanthanum and involve the filling of 4f subshell. Electronic Configuration: [Xe] 4fn+1 5d° 6s2 or [Xe] 4fn 5d1 6s2 The general valence shell electronic configuration of lanthanides is 4f1−146s2. Atomic and Ionic Sizes of Lanthanides: Atomic and ionic radii of lanthanides decrease with an increase in atomic number. This gradual decrease is known as lanthanides contraction. Because Read more about Inner Transition Elements (f – block) – Lanthanoids[…]

Resistors in Series

Resistors in Series and Parallel

Sometimes we are interested to replace a relatively complicated resistor combinations with a single equivalent resistor, especially when we are not interested in the current, Voltage or power associated with any of the individual resistors in the combinations. All the current, voltage and power relationships in the remainder of the circuit will be unchanged. Consider Read more about Resistors in Series and Parallel[…]

Rate of Reaction

Rate of a Chemical Reaction

Rate is defined as the change in the amount of the substance or concentration of the substance with respect to time. . Let us consider a general reaction, Reactants → Products During the progress of a chemical reaction, Concentration of the reactants are decreases with time and concentration of products increases with time. The following Read more about Rate of a Chemical Reaction[…]