Different Types Of Thermodynamic Process At A Glance

S.No.	Change or name of the process	Isobaric	Isochromic	Isothermal	Adiabatic
1.	Definition	P = Constant	V = Constant	T = Constant	a) Q = Constant b) Entropy S = Constant
2.	dQ	1. For solids dQ = mcpdT For gases ncvDt 2. For change in state dQ = mL	1. For solids dQ = mcvdT For gases ncvdT	dQ = dW	Zero
3.	dU	1. dQ-pdV 2. dQ-nRdT	dQ	Zero	-dW
4.	dW	1. PdV 2. nRdT	Zero	2.303n Rt log v₂/v₁ 2.303n p₁v₁ log v₂/v₁ 2.303n p₁v₁ log p₂/p₁	\[\frac{R\left( {{T}_{2}}-{{T}_{1}} \right)}{1-\gamma }\] \[\frac{\left( {{P}_{2}}{{V}_{2}}-{{P}_{1}}{{V}_{1}} \right)}{1-\gamma }\]
5.	Equation of state	V/T = Constant	P/T = Constant	PV = Constant P₁V₁ = P₂V₂	PVγ=constant TVγ-1=constant P1-γ Tγ=constant
6.	Slope of p – v curve	Zero	∞	-p/v	– γP/v
7.	Law	Charle’s law	Gay-lussac’s law	Boyle’s law	Poisson’s law
8.	Form of First laws	dQ = dU + dW = ncpdT + PdV	dQ = dU = ncvdT	dQ = dW = dV	– dU = dW
9.	Bulk modulus	Zero	Infinity	-p	-γp
10.	Result of maximum work	Maximum	Zero	Less from isobaric process but greater form adiabatic process	Minimum but not zero

Example: A cylinder with a movable piston contains 3 moles of hydrogen at standard temperature and pressure. The walls of the cylinder are made of a heat insulator, and the piston is insulated by having a pile of sand on it. By what factor does the pressure of the gas increase if the gas is compressed to half its original volume?

Ans: As no heat is allowed to be exchanged, the process is adiabatic.

As V₂ = V₁/2.