Let us consider a parallel-faced slab whose cross-sectional area is A and length L. Let its faces be maintained at steady temperatures θ1 and θ2. Heat will flow through the slab from the face at higher temperature θ1 to that at the lower temperature θ2. Let us assume that no heat escapes out from the Read more about One-dimensional Flow of Heat: Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity[…]
Definition: Every square matrix can be associated to an expression or a number which is known as its determinant. If A = [aij] is a square matrix of order n then the determinant of A is denoted by or |A| or . Determinant of a square matrix of order 1: If A = [a11] is a Read more about Evaluation of determinants of 2nd and 3rd Order Matrices[…]
The kinetic gas equation is given as: PV = 1/3 mnc2 P = pressure V = volume M = mass of molecule n = no. of molecules present in the given amount of gas c = root mean square speed. Kinetic energy for one mole of gas is given as c = c1 + c2 + … Read more about Kinetic Gas Equation of an Ideal Gas[…]
NEWTON’S FIRST LAW OF MOTION: Everybody continues to be in a state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line, except in so far as it be compelled by an externally impressed force to act otherwise.INERTIA: It is the inherent property of a body, by virtue of which, the body cannot change its state Read more about Newton’s Law of Motion[…]
Rank is defined for any matrix (need not be square). Some important concepts: ⇒ Sub matrix of a matrix: Suppose A is any matrix of the type m x 72. Then a matrix obtained by leaving some rows and some columns from A is called sub-matrix of A. ⇒ Rank of a Matrix: A number Read more about Rank of the matrices of 2, 3, 4 orders[…]
Forces of attraction and repulsion between interacting atoms/molecules other than electrostatic or covalent bonds are called inter molecular forces. Attractive inter molecular forces: Known as van der Waal’s forces Types: 1. Dispersion forces/ London forces: Force of attraction between temporary dipoles. Always attractive. Significant only at short distances between interacting particles Magnitude depends on polarizability Read more about Intermolecular forces[…]
Every particle in this universe attracts every other particle with a force that is proportional to the product of these masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.Thus, F = Gm₁m₂/r², where and are the gravitational masses of the particles, r is the separation between them and G is Universal Gravitational Read more about NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION[…]
SOLUTION OF HOMOGENEOUS SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS: Let AX = 0 be a homogeneous system of simultaneous linear equations with n-unknowns. Let us now discuss two cases: CASE I: When |A| ≠ 0. In this case, A-1 exists. AX = 0 A-1 (AX) = A-10 (A-1A) X = 0 InX = 0 X = 0 Read more about System of Equations using Matrices II[…]
Polarity: All homonuclear diatomic molecules will have zero polarity. Example: O2, N2, F2, H2. It mainly arises due to differences in electronegativity of bonded atoms. A covalent bond, in which electrons are shared unequally and the bonded atoms acquire partial positive and negative charge, is called a polar covalent bond (or) a covalent bond (or) Read more about Bond Parameters II[…]
According to Newton’s law of cooling the rate of loss of heat, dQ/dt of the body is directly proportional to the different of temperature ΔT = (T2 – T1) of the body and the surroundings. The law holds good only for small difference of temperature. Also the loss of heat by radiation depends upon the Read more about Newton’s law of Cooling[…]